hydrogen 音标拼音: [h'ɑɪdrədʒən]
n . 氢
氢
hydrogen n 1 :
a nonmetallic univalent element that is normally a colorless and odorless highly flammable diatomic gas ;
the simplest and lightest and most abundant element in the universe [
synonym : {
hydrogen }, {
H }, {
atomic number 1 }]
Hydrogen \
Hy "
dro *
gen \,
n . [
Hydro -,
1 -
gen :
cf .
F .
hydrog [`
e ]
ne .
So called because water is generated by its combustion .
See {
Hydra }.] (
Chem .)
A gaseous element ,
colorless ,
tasteless ,
and odorless ,
the lightest known substance ,
being fourteen and a half times lighter than air (
hence its use in filling balloons ),
and over eleven thousand times lighter than water .
It is very abundant ,
being an ingredient of water and of many other substances ,
especially those of animal or vegetable origin .
It may by produced in many ways ,
but is chiefly obtained by the action of acids (
as sulphuric )
on metals ,
as zinc ,
iron ,
etc .
It is very inflammable ,
and is an ingredient of coal gas and water gas .
It is standard of chemical equivalents or combining weights ,
and also of valence ,
being the typical monad .
Symbol H .
Atomic weight 1 .
[
1913 Webster ]
Note :
Although a gas ,
hydrogen is chemically similar to the metals in its nature ,
having the properties of a weak base .
It is ,
in all acids ,
the base which is replaced by metals and basic radicals to form salts .
Like all other gases ,
it is condensed by great cold and pressure to a liquid which freezes and solidifies by its own evaporation .
It is absorbed in large quantities by certain metals (
esp .
palladium ),
forming alloy -
like compounds ;
hence ,
in view of quasi -
metallic nature ,
it is sometimes called {
hydrogenium }.
It is the typical reducing agent ,
as opposed to oxidizers ,
as oxygen ,
chlorine ,
etc .
[
1913 Webster ]
{
Bicarbureted hydrogen },
an old name for ethylene .
{
Carbureted hydrogen gas }.
See under {
Carbureted }.
{
Hydrogen dioxide },
a thick ,
colorless liquid , {
H2O2 },
resembling water ,
but having a bitter ,
sour taste ,
produced by the action of acids on barium peroxide .
It decomposes into water and oxygen ,
and is manufactured in large quantities for an oxidizing and bleaching agent .
Called also {
oxygenated water }.
{
Hydrogen oxide },
a chemical name for water ,
H ?
O .
{
Hydrogen sulphide },
a colorless inflammable gas , {
H2S },
having the characteristic odor of bad eggs ,
and found in many mineral springs .
It is produced by the action of acids on metallic sulphides ,
and is an important chemical reagent .
Called also {
sulphureted hydrogen }.
[
1913 Webster ]
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