usury 音标拼音: [j'uʒɚi] [j'uzɚi]
n . 高利贷
高利贷
usury n 1 :
an exorbitant or unlawful rate of interest [
synonym : {
usury },
{
vigorish }]
2 :
the act of lending money at an exorbitant rate of interest Usury \
U "
su *
ry \,
n . [
OE .
usurie ,
usure ,
F .
usure ,
L .
usura use ,
usury ,
interest ,
fr .
uti ,
p .
p .
usus ,
to use .
See {
Use },
v .
t .]
[
1913 Webster ]
1 .
A premium or increase paid ,
or stipulated to be paid ,
for a loan ,
as of money ;
interest . [
Obs .
or Archaic ]
[
1913 Webster ]
Thou shalt not lend upon usury to thy brother ;
usury of money ,
usury of victuals ,
usury of anything that is lent upon usury . --
Deut .
xxiii .
19 .
[
1913 Webster ]
Thou oughtest therefore to have put my money to the exchanges ,
and then at my coming I should have received mine own with usury . --
Matt .
xxv .
27 .
[
1913 Webster ]
What he borrows from the ancients ,
he repays with usury of ??
is own . --
Dryden .
[
1913 Webster ]
2 .
The practice of taking interest . [
Obs .]
[
1913 Webster ]
Usury . . .
bringeth the treasure of a realm or state into a few ??
nds . --
Bacon .
[
1913 Webster ]
3 . (
Law )
Interest in excess of a legal rate charged to a borrower for the use of money .
[
1913 Webster ]
Note :
The practice of requiring in repayment of money lent anything more than the amount lent ,
was formerly thought to be a great moral wrong ,
and the greater ,
the more was taken .
Now it is not deemed more wrong to take pay for the use of money than for the use of a house ,
or a horse ,
or any other property .
But the lingering influence of the former opinion ,
together with the fact that the nature of money makes it easier for the lender to oppress the borrower ,
has caused nearly all Christian nations to fix by law the rate of compensation for the use of money .
Of late years ,
however ,
the opinion that money should be borrowed and repaid ,
or bought and sold ,
upon whatever terms the parties should agree to ,
like any other property ,
has gained ground everywhere . --
Am .
Cyc .
[
1913 Webster ]
56 Moby Thesaurus words for "
usury ":
Cosa Nostra ,
Mafia ,
advance ,
advancement ,
advancing ,
bank rate ,
black market ,
bootlegging ,
compensatory interest ,
compound interest ,
discount rate ,
exorbitant interest ,
exploitation ,
extortion ,
gambling ,
gray market ,
gross interest ,
highway robbery ,
holdup ,
illegal commerce ,
illegal operations ,
illegitimate business ,
illicit business ,
interest ,
interest rate ,
lend -
lease ,
lending ,
lending at interest ,
loan -
sharking ,
loaning ,
lucrative interest ,
moneylending ,
moonshining ,
mortgage points ,
narcotics traffic ,
net interest ,
organized crime ,
overassessment ,
overcharge ,
penal interest ,
premium ,
price ,
price of money ,
prostitution ,
protection racket ,
racket ,
rate ,
rate of interest ,
shady dealings ,
shylocking ,
simple interest ,
surcharge ,
the rackets ,
the syndicate ,
traffic in women ,
white slavery Usury the sum paid for the use of money ,
hence interest ;
not ,
as in the modern sense ,
exorbitant interest .
The Jews were forbidden to exact usury (
Lev .
25 :
36 ,
37 ),
only ,
however ,
in their dealings with each other (
Deut .
23 :
19 ,
20 ).
The violation of this law was viewed as a great crime (
Ps .
15 :
5 ;
Prov .
28 :
8 ;
Jer .
15 :
10 ).
After the Return ,
and later ,
this law was much neglected (
Neh .
5 :
7 ,
10 ).
USURY ,
contracts .
The illegal profit which is required and received by the lender of a sum of money from the borrower for its use .
In a more extended and improper sense ,
it is the receipt of any profit whatever for the use of money :
it is only in the first of these senses that usury will be here considered .
2 .
To constitute a usurious contract the following are the requisites :
1 .
A loan express or implied .
2 .
An agreement that the money lent shall be returned at all events .
3 .
Not only that the money lent shall be returned ,
but that for such loan a greater interest than that fixed by law shall be paid .
3 .-
1 .
There must be a loan in contemplation of the parties ;
7 Pet .
S .
C .
Rep .
109 ,
1 Clarke R .
252 ;
and if there be a loan ,
however disguised ,
the contract will be usurious ,
if it be so in other respects .
Where a loan was made of depreciated bank notes to be repaid in sound funds ,
to enable the borrower to pay a debt he owed dollar for dollar ,
it was considered as not being usurious .
1 Meigs ,
R .
585 .
The bona fide sale of a note ,
bond or other security at a greater discount than would amount to legal interest ,
is not per se ,
a loan ,
although the note may be endorsed by the seller ,
and he remains responsible .
9 Pet .
S .
C .
Rep .
103 ;
1 Clarke ,
R .
30 .
But ,
if a note ,
bond ;
or other security be made with a view to evade the laws of usury ,
and afterwards sold for a less amount than the interest ,
the transaction will be considered a loan ;
2 Johns .
Cas .
60 ;
3 Johns .
Cas .
66 ;
15 Johns .
R .
44 2 Dall .
92 ;
12 Serg . &
Rawle ,
46 and a sale of a man '
s own note ,
endorsed by himself ,
will ,
be considered a loan .
lt is a general rule that a contract ,
which ,
in its inception ,
is unaffected by usury ,
can never be invalidated by any subsequent usurious transaction .
7 Pet .
S .
C .
Rep .
109 .
On the contrary ,
when the contract was originally usurious ,
and there is a substitution by a new contract ,
the latter will generally be considered usurious .
15 Mass .
R .
96 .
4 .-
2 .
There must be a contract for the return of the money at all events ;
for if the return of the principal with interest ,
or of the principal only ,
depend upon a contingency ,
there can be no usury ;
but if the contingency extend only to interest ,
and the principal be beyond the reach of hazard ,
the lender will be guilty of usury ,
if he received interest beyond the amount allowed by law .
As the principal is put to hazard in insurances ,
annuities and bottomry ,
the parties may charge and receive greater interest than is allowed by law in common cases ,
and the transaction will not be usurious .
5 .-
3 .
To constitute usury the borrower must not only be obliged to return the principal at all events ,
but more than lawful interest :
this part of the agreement must be made with full consent and knowledge of the contracting parties .
3 Bos . &
Pull ,
154 .
When the contract is made in a foreign country the rate of interest allowed by the laws of that country may be charged ,
and it will not be usurious ,
although greater than the amount fixed by law in this .
Story ,
Confl .
of Laws ,
Sec .
292 .
Vide ,
generally ,
Com .
Dig .
h .
t .;
Bac .
Ab .
h .
t .;
8 Com .
Dig .
h .
t .;
Lilly '
s Reg .
h .
t .;
Dane '
s Ab .
h .
t .;
Petersdorff '
s Ab .
h .
t .;
Vin .
Ab .
h .
t .;
2 Bl .
Com .
454 ;
Comyn on Usury ,
passim ;
1 Pt .
S .
C Rep .
Index ,
h .
t .;
1 Supp .
to Yes .
jr .
307 ,
337 ;
Yelv .
47 ;
1 Ves .
jr .
527 ;
1 Saund 295 ,
note 1 ;
Poth .
h .
t .;
and the article Anatocism ;
Interest .
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